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  [13] 杰马勒帕夏声称有1.7万名亚美尼亚人被害;见Djemal Pasha, Memories of a Turkish Statesman, 1913–1919 (London: Hutchinson, n.d.), 261.一位名叫Zohrab的亚美尼亚代表,曾为大屠杀官方调查团的一员,他给出的亚美尼亚死亡人数为2万名;见“Young Turk-Armenian Relations during the Second Constitutional Period, 1908–1914,” in From Empire to Republic: Essays on the Late Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, by Feroz Ahmad(Istanbul: Bilgi University Press, 2008), 2:186.另外,Kaligian在Armenian Organization中称,死于阿达纳大屠杀的亚美尼亚人介于1万到 2万人之间。

  [14] Zabel Essayan的Dans les ruines: Les massacres d’Adana, avril 1909 [废墟之中:阿达纳大屠杀,1909年4月] (Paris: libella, 2011), 译自1911年出版的亚美尼亚语原著,引自40页。

  [15] Kaligian, Armenian Organization, 45–47; Djemal Pasha, Memories of a Turkish Statesman, 262.

  [16] 关于意大利入侵利比亚,见Jamil Abun-Nasr, A History of the Maghrib (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971), 308–312; Mango, Atatürk,101–111.

  [17] 一位参加战役的土耳其老兵声称,奥斯曼军总共只有1000人。而意大利方面称,土耳其人在的黎波里塔尼亚和昔兰尼加有4200人。Philip H. Stoddard,“The Ottoman Government and the Arabs, 1911 to 1918: A Preliminary Study of the Teşkilât-i Mahsusa”(PhD diss., Princeton University, 1963), 205–206n174. 另见 E. E. Evans-Pritchard的The Sanusi of Cyrenaica (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1954), 104–124.

  [18] M. Sükrü Hanioğlu, ed., Kendi Mektuplarinda Enver Paşa [恩维尔帕夏的书信] (Istanbul: der Yayinlari, 1989), 75–78.

  [19] Mango, Atatürk,102.

  [20] Hanioğlu, Kendi Mektuplarinda Enver Paşa, 92–94.另见Georges Rémond, Aux campes turco-arabes: Notes de route et de guerre en Tripolitaine et en Cyréanaique [土阿营地:在的黎波里塔尼亚和昔兰尼加的行走及战争见闻] (Paris: Hachette, 1913)。

  [21] Hanioğlu, Kendi Mektuplarinda Enver Paş, 148–153, 185–188, 196–198.另见G. F. Abbott, The Holy War in Tripoli (London: Edward Arnold, 1912)。

  [22] Abun-Nasr, History of the Maghrib, 310.

  [23] L. S. Stavrianos, The Balkans Since 1453 (London: Hurst, 2000), 535–537.

  [24] Hanioğlu, Kendi Mektuplarinda Enver Paşa, letters of 28 December 1912 and 12 January 1913, 216–217, 224. ↑返回顶部↑

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