第240章（1 / 2）
[238]There is a detailed and thorough treatment of this period in Jorga，Geschichte Ⅰ，325 ff.
[239]On the chronology cf.Heyd，Commerce du Levant Ⅱ，286;G.Ostrogorsky，‘Byzance，Etat tributaire de l’Empire turc’，ZRVI 5（1958），53，n.20.
[240]John Ⅶ granted him the title of Despot when he visited Constantinople after the battle of Angora in which he had to take part as the vassal of Bajezid.Cf.the recent comments of Ferjancic，Despoti，182 ff.
[241]In a document of which little note has been taken，Manuel Ⅱ sends instructions to Demetrius Buliotes，whom he sent as his plenipotentiary to Athos after it had been liberated（published by Arcadius of Vatopedi in：2（1918），449-52）.This informative document shows that Manuel handed over the region of Thessalonica to John Ⅶ and signed a formal treaty with him on the matter.We learn from the same document that the suspension of the Turkish tax did not mean a complete liberation from the payment of the haradj.The Emperor‘donated’to the monasteries of Athos and also to other landowners only two-thirds of the sum which‘in the time of the late Emir Bajezid bey’was demanded as haradj，while a third was still exacted by，and from now on flowed into，the Byzantine treasury under its original name haradj.Cf.G.Ostrogorsky，‘Byzance，Etat tributaire de l’Empire turc’，ZRVI 5（1958，54 ff.）。—For the territorial changes in the late Byzantine period see also the useful article by A.Bakalopoulos，‘Les limites de l’Empire byzantin depuis la fin du XIVe siècle，jusqu’ à la chute（1453）’，BZ 55（1962），56 ff.
[242]Sp.Lampros，（1926），246-65;Ⅳ（1930），113-35;Migne，PG 160，821-66.On Plethon’s ideas cf.H.F.Tozer，‘A Byzantine Reformer’，JHS 7（1886），353 ff.；J.Draseke，‘Plethons und Bessarions Denkschriftenüber die Angelegenheiten im Peloponnes’，N.Jahrb.f.das klass.Altertum 27（1911），102 ff.；Zakythinos，Despotat Ⅰ，175 ff.（with further bibliography），and Ⅱ，322 ff.；M.V.Anastos，‘Pletho’s Calendar and Liturgy’，DOP 4（1948），183-305;I.P.Mamalakes，，Athens，1939;and especially F.Masai，Pléthon et le platonisme de Mistra，Paris 1956;further bibliography in Moravcsik，Byzantinoturcica Ⅰ，2nd ed.，478 ff.Mazaris’Journey to Hades，ed.Boissonade，Anec.gr.Ⅲ（1831），122-86 is also important for a picture of contemporary conditions in the Peloponnese.
[243]On John Ⅷ’s stay in Thessalonica in 1416 cf.M.Lascaris，（1951），440 ff.
[244]Cf.Zakythinos，Despotat Ⅰ，180 ff.
[245]Cf.Dolger，‘Die Kronung Johanns Ⅷ.zum Mitkaiser’，BZ 36（1936），318 f.
[246]Cf.Jorga，Geschichte Ⅰ，378 ff.
[247]K.Mertzios，，Thessalonica 1947，34 ff.，has communicated important documents from the Venetian Archives showing that the often-repeated account（also in the first German edition of this book）which makes Andronicus sell the city to the Venetians for 50，000 ducats is a myth.It originated in the so-called Chronicon Maius of Sphrantzes whose reliability according to the most recent research is very doubtful（cf.above，p.468，note 4）.Cf.also P.Lemerle，‘La domination vénitienne à Thessalonique’，Miscellanea G.Galbiati Ⅲ（Fontes Ambrosiani 27）（1951），219 ff.
[248]K.Mertzios，op.cit.66 ff.
[249]Cf.Wroth，Byz.Coins Ⅰ，pp.LXVⅢ f.；A.Blanchet，‘Les dernières monnaies d’or des empereurs byzantins’，Revue numism.14（1910），78 ff.；Stein，‘Untersuchunger’113 f.；Zakythinos，Crise monétaire 17 ff.
[250]Zakythinos，Despotat Ⅰ，204 ff.
[251]Sphrantzes（ed.Papadopoulos）Ⅰ，178.
[252]A detailed description of the conciliar negotiations is given by G.Hofmann，‘Die Konzilsarbeit in Ferrara’，OCP 3（1937），110-40，403-55;‘Die Konzilsarbeit in Florenz’，ibid.4（1938），157-88，372-422.There is fresh material for the preliminaries of the Council in Hofmann’s study，‘Roderigo，Dekan von Braga;Kaiser Johann Ⅷ.Palaiologos.Zwei Briefe aus Konstantinopel，13.Oktober und 18.November 1437，zur Vorgeschichte des Konzils von Florenz’，ibid.9（1943），171 ff.For the history of the events leading up to the Council of Florence，cf.also Ⅴ.Laurent，‘Les préliminaires du concile de Florence：Les neuf articles du Pope Martin Ⅴ et la réponse du patriarche Joseph Ⅱ（octobre 1422）’，REB 20（1962），5-60.The most important publication of sources for the history of the Council is also by G.Hofmann，Epistolae pontificiae ad Concilium Florentinum spectantes，Ⅰ-Ⅲ，Rome 1940-6.Cf.also J.Gill，The Council of Florence，Cambridge 1958，and‘Greeks and Latins in a Common Council：the Council of Florence’，OCP 25（1959），265 ff.
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[239]On the chronology cf.Heyd，Commerce du Levant Ⅱ，286;G.Ostrogorsky，‘Byzance，Etat tributaire de l’Empire turc’，ZRVI 5（1958），53，n.20.
[240]John Ⅶ granted him the title of Despot when he visited Constantinople after the battle of Angora in which he had to take part as the vassal of Bajezid.Cf.the recent comments of Ferjancic，Despoti，182 ff.
[241]In a document of which little note has been taken，Manuel Ⅱ sends instructions to Demetrius Buliotes，whom he sent as his plenipotentiary to Athos after it had been liberated（published by Arcadius of Vatopedi in：2（1918），449-52）.This informative document shows that Manuel handed over the region of Thessalonica to John Ⅶ and signed a formal treaty with him on the matter.We learn from the same document that the suspension of the Turkish tax did not mean a complete liberation from the payment of the haradj.The Emperor‘donated’to the monasteries of Athos and also to other landowners only two-thirds of the sum which‘in the time of the late Emir Bajezid bey’was demanded as haradj，while a third was still exacted by，and from now on flowed into，the Byzantine treasury under its original name haradj.Cf.G.Ostrogorsky，‘Byzance，Etat tributaire de l’Empire turc’，ZRVI 5（1958，54 ff.）。—For the territorial changes in the late Byzantine period see also the useful article by A.Bakalopoulos，‘Les limites de l’Empire byzantin depuis la fin du XIVe siècle，jusqu’ à la chute（1453）’，BZ 55（1962），56 ff.
[242]Sp.Lampros，（1926），246-65;Ⅳ（1930），113-35;Migne，PG 160，821-66.On Plethon’s ideas cf.H.F.Tozer，‘A Byzantine Reformer’，JHS 7（1886），353 ff.；J.Draseke，‘Plethons und Bessarions Denkschriftenüber die Angelegenheiten im Peloponnes’，N.Jahrb.f.das klass.Altertum 27（1911），102 ff.；Zakythinos，Despotat Ⅰ，175 ff.（with further bibliography），and Ⅱ，322 ff.；M.V.Anastos，‘Pletho’s Calendar and Liturgy’，DOP 4（1948），183-305;I.P.Mamalakes，，Athens，1939;and especially F.Masai，Pléthon et le platonisme de Mistra，Paris 1956;further bibliography in Moravcsik，Byzantinoturcica Ⅰ，2nd ed.，478 ff.Mazaris’Journey to Hades，ed.Boissonade，Anec.gr.Ⅲ（1831），122-86 is also important for a picture of contemporary conditions in the Peloponnese.
[243]On John Ⅷ’s stay in Thessalonica in 1416 cf.M.Lascaris，（1951），440 ff.
[244]Cf.Zakythinos，Despotat Ⅰ，180 ff.
[245]Cf.Dolger，‘Die Kronung Johanns Ⅷ.zum Mitkaiser’，BZ 36（1936），318 f.
[246]Cf.Jorga，Geschichte Ⅰ，378 ff.
[247]K.Mertzios，，Thessalonica 1947，34 ff.，has communicated important documents from the Venetian Archives showing that the often-repeated account（also in the first German edition of this book）which makes Andronicus sell the city to the Venetians for 50，000 ducats is a myth.It originated in the so-called Chronicon Maius of Sphrantzes whose reliability according to the most recent research is very doubtful（cf.above，p.468，note 4）.Cf.also P.Lemerle，‘La domination vénitienne à Thessalonique’，Miscellanea G.Galbiati Ⅲ（Fontes Ambrosiani 27）（1951），219 ff.
[248]K.Mertzios，op.cit.66 ff.
[249]Cf.Wroth，Byz.Coins Ⅰ，pp.LXVⅢ f.；A.Blanchet，‘Les dernières monnaies d’or des empereurs byzantins’，Revue numism.14（1910），78 ff.；Stein，‘Untersuchunger’113 f.；Zakythinos，Crise monétaire 17 ff.
[250]Zakythinos，Despotat Ⅰ，204 ff.
[251]Sphrantzes（ed.Papadopoulos）Ⅰ，178.
[252]A detailed description of the conciliar negotiations is given by G.Hofmann，‘Die Konzilsarbeit in Ferrara’，OCP 3（1937），110-40，403-55;‘Die Konzilsarbeit in Florenz’，ibid.4（1938），157-88，372-422.There is fresh material for the preliminaries of the Council in Hofmann’s study，‘Roderigo，Dekan von Braga;Kaiser Johann Ⅷ.Palaiologos.Zwei Briefe aus Konstantinopel，13.Oktober und 18.November 1437，zur Vorgeschichte des Konzils von Florenz’，ibid.9（1943），171 ff.For the history of the events leading up to the Council of Florence，cf.also Ⅴ.Laurent，‘Les préliminaires du concile de Florence：Les neuf articles du Pope Martin Ⅴ et la réponse du patriarche Joseph Ⅱ（octobre 1422）’，REB 20（1962），5-60.The most important publication of sources for the history of the Council is also by G.Hofmann，Epistolae pontificiae ad Concilium Florentinum spectantes，Ⅰ-Ⅲ，Rome 1940-6.Cf.also J.Gill，The Council of Florence，Cambridge 1958，and‘Greeks and Latins in a Common Council：the Council of Florence’，OCP 25（1959），265 ff.
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